Psychology Dictionary of ArgumentsHome
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| Reaction time: Reaction time in psychology is the duration between the onset of a stimulus and the initiation of a response to that stimulus. It's a measure of the speed of cognitive processing and motor response. Reaction time is used to assess sensory and motor function, cognitive speed, and mental processing efficiency. It varies based on factors like age, alertness, and complexity of the task. See also Stimuli, Intelligence, Intelligence tests, Performance, Cognition, Cognitive psychology, information processing, Problem solving. _____________Annotation: The above characterizations of concepts are neither definitions nor exhausting presentations of problems related to them. Instead, they are intended to give a short introduction to the contributions below. – Lexicon of Arguments. | |||
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Gerald Matthews on Reaction Time - Dictionary of Arguments
Corr I 411 Reaction time/performance/speeded response/personality traits/extraversion/Matthews: variation in reaction time depends on a variety of factors. Stage models of RT (reaction time) discriminate a variety of separate processes ranging from encoding to motor response; moreover, RT is strategically regulated, as evidenced by the well-known speed-accuracy trade-off function (see Matthews, Davies, Westerman and Stammers 2000)(1). >Extraversion. Extraversion: Although it is often assumed that traits including Extraversion should be associated with a general pattern of fast, inaccurate performance, no such relationship is supported by the literature. Instead, a careful focus on different component processes is needed to demonstrate personality effects. Doucet and Stelmack (2000)(2) used reaction time paradigms that provided separate measures of decision time (analysing the stimulus and selecting the response), and movement time (executing the motor response of pressing the correct response key). Further research on Extraversion and motor processes (reviewed by De Pascalis 2004)(3) has shown that these individual differences in motor response may relate to motoneuronal sensitivity, so that a purely neurological account of the finding may be advanced. De Pascalis (2004)(3) also discusses evidence relating to shorter-latency lateralized readiness potentials that index speed of response organization (i.e., a central rather than a peripheral process), demonstrating how multiple component processes may contribute to observed personality effects. >Personality, >Personality traits, >Performance. 1. Matthews, G., Davies, D. R., Westerman, S. J. and Stammers, R. B. 2000. Human performance: cognition, stress and individual differences. London: Psychology Press 2. Doucet, C. and Stelmack, R. M. 2000. An event-related potential analysis of Extraversion and individual differences in cognitive processing speed and response execution, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 78: 956–64 3. De Pascalis, V. 2004. On the psychophysiology of Extraversion, in R. Stelmack (ed.), On the psychobiology of personality: essays in honor of Marvin Zuckerman, pp. 295–327. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Gerald Matthews, „ Personality and performance: cognitive processes and models“, in: Corr, Ph. J. & Matthews, G. (eds.) 2009. The Cambridge handbook of Personality Psychology. New York: Cambridge University Press_____________Explanation of symbols: Roman numerals indicate the source, arabic numerals indicate the page number. The corresponding books are indicated on the right hand side. ((s)…): Comment by the sender of the contribution. Translations: Dictionary of Arguments The note [Concept/Author], [Author1]Vs[Author2] or [Author]Vs[term] resp. "problem:"/"solution:", "old:"/"new:" and "thesis:" is an addition from the Dictionary of Arguments. If a German edition is specified, the page numbers refer to this edition. |
Matthews, Gerald Corr I Philip J. Corr Gerald Matthews The Cambridge Handbook of Personality Psychology New York 2009 Corr II Philip J. Corr (Ed.) Personality and Individual Differences - Revisiting the classical studies Singapore, Washington DC, Melbourne 2018 |
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